基本解釋

• n. [微] 菌株（strain復(fù)數(shù)）；種族
• v. [力] 拉緊；使過(guò)度勞累（strain的第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式）

詞源解說(shuō)

• 1400年左右進(jìn)入英語(yǔ)，直接源自古法語(yǔ)的estreindre，意為拉緊，擠壓；最初源自古典拉丁語(yǔ)的stringere，意為拉緊，綁緊。

同根派生

• strains相關(guān)詞

用法辨析

v. (動(dòng)詞)

• strain的基本意思是“拉緊”,強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)度使用、過(guò)于操勞、過(guò)于用力致使身體的某部分肌肉、器官損傷,可特指肌肉或韌帶拉傷。引申指“竭盡全力…,努力…”。
• strain既可用作及物動(dòng)詞,也可用作不及物動(dòng)詞。用作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),可接名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ)。
• strain接介詞at表示“拉緊”; 接for或after表示“使勁”。
• strain與stress的區(qū)別：過(guò)度緊張（strain）是由stress（壓力）產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果，而壓力stress是相鄰的物體或部分之間的相互作用，由此可導(dǎo)致物體形態(tài)或尺寸的改變；
• strain同sprain的比較：sprain（扭傷）是指腳踝或手腕瞬間扭傷的結(jié)果，而strain是肌肉用力過(guò)強(qiáng)或過(guò)久所導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果。

• strains使用方法
• strains詳細(xì)辨析

英漢例句

用作動(dòng)詞 (v.)

用作不及物動(dòng)詞: S+～(+A)

• The sporters strained and struggled.
  運(yùn)動(dòng)員奮力扭動(dòng)摔打。

用作及物動(dòng)詞: S+～+ n./pron.

• They strained the wire between two posts.
  他們拉緊了兩根電線桿之間的電線。

其他

• The mistake has caused strained relations between the manager and his staff.
  這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤造成了經(jīng)理同雇員之間的緊張關(guān)系。

• strains更多例句

詞組短語(yǔ)

用作動(dòng)詞 (v.)

～+名詞

• strain one 's ears 豎起耳朵聽(tīng)
• strain every nerve 竭盡全力
• strain excessively 過(guò)分地拉緊
• strain feebly 無(wú)力地拉緊
• strain furiously 瘋狂拉緊

• strains更多詞組

英英字典

柯林斯英英字典

• If strain is put on an organization or system, it has to do more than it is able to do.
• To strain something means to make it do more than it is able to do.
• Strain is a state of worry and tension caused by a difficult situation.
• If you say that a situation is a strain, you mean that it makes you worried and tense.
• Strain is a force that pushes, pulls, or stretches something in a way that may damage it.
• Strain is an injury to a muscle in your body, caused by using the muscle too much or twisting it.
• If you strain a muscle, you injure it by using it too much or twisting it.
• If you strain to do something, you make a great effort to do it when it is difficult to do.
• When you strain food, you separate the liquid part of it from the solid parts.
• A strain of a germ, plant, or other organism is a particular type of it.

• strains劍橋字典
• strains柯林斯字典

專(zhuān)業(yè)釋義

農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)

• 品系

  Strain 90-36 has higher defensive ability to light inhibition damage than other three strains.
  品系90-36具有相對(duì)較強(qiáng)的防御光抑制破壞的能力。

• 菌種

  Objective The aim was to determine the optimum compound proportion of strains.
  目的確定最佳菌種復(fù)配比例。

• 株系

  So, we think they are different strains which belong to the same type.
  所以，它們應(yīng)屬于同一類(lèi)病毒的不同的病毒株系。

  機(jī)械工程

• 菌群

  There are four main strains including Bacillus licheniformis, Virgibacillus carmonensis, Bacillus sp. TAT112, Bacillus galactosidilyticus in later period.
  從中期到后期優(yōu)勢(shì)條帶相似性較大,菌群群落結(jié)構(gòu)比較穩(wěn)定,主要優(yōu)勢(shì)菌為：Bacillus licheniformis, Virgibacillus carmonensis, Bacillus sp.TAT112, Bacillus galactosidilyticus。